The effect of obesity on the formation of cancer risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (literature review)

The increased risk of cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus substantiates the relevance scientific researches on mechanisms association these diseases. It was found that pathogenetic factors cause disorders at level signaling pathways control processes intracellular metabolism and survival. Obesity significantly increases risk. procarcinogenic effect obesity is due to a combination metabolic hormonal disorders. role hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia cytokine imbalance as for dysmetabolic influence has been proved. Hyperinsulinemia causes mitogenic anti-apoptotic effects. Hyperglycemia oxidative stress determines chromosomal aberrations changes regulatory gene expression. Proinflammatory cytokines promote formation chronic inflammation microenvironment conducive survival malignant cells. Dysmetabolic changes, turn, carcinogenesis hormone-dependent organs. leads hyperoestrogenemia, hyperleptinemia disrupts synthesis gonadotropic hormones, contributing hyperplastic endometrial processes. Excessive concentrations interleukin-6 stimulate local oestrogen adipose tissue mammary gland, activating proliferative Hypoadiponectinemia promotes suppression immune response indicates potentially unfavourable course di­seases. Understanding mutually confounding pro-oncogenic effects should emphasize importance body weight correction mellitus, well individuals without carbohydrate disorders, from standpoint preventing not only cardiovascular diseases, but also cancer. choice antidiabetic drugs take into account need patients, ineffective conservative treatment pretext use bariatric surgery methods according medical indications.